Labor not unwillingly, nor without regard to the common interest, nor without due consideration, nor with distraction, nor let studied ornament set off thy thoughts, and be not either a man of many words, or busy about too many things. Marcus Aurelius. Meditations. Book 3.
Image: Relief from the tomb of the Haterii, a family of builders who constructed their mausoleum along the ancient via Labicana in the early years of the 2nd century CE courtesy of the Vatican Museums. It depicts a Roman polyspaston crane that, when worked by four men at both sides of the winch, could lift 3000 kg. If the winch was replaced by a treadwheel, the maximum load could be doubled to 6000 kg at only half the crew, since the treadwheel possesses a much bigger mechanical advantage due to its larger diameter. This meant that, in comparison to the construction of the ancient Egyptian pyramids, where about 50 men were needed to move a 2.5 ton stone block up the ramp (50 kg per person), the lifting capability of the Roman Polyspaston proved to be 60 times more efficient (3000 kg per person).
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